AC INRUSH CURRENT LIMITER

www.DataSheet4U.com ® STIL AC INRUSH CURRENT LIMITER ASD APPLICATIONS TAB ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ High power density switching power supply Server and Telecom power supplies Game station power supplies High end TV displays Portable equipment adaptators 5 23 1 4 1 2 3 4 5 PENTAWATT HV2 STIL04-P5 TAB PENTAWATT STIL06-T5 TAB FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Replaces two diodes of the bridge in steady state Dual unidirectional switches in a single package Inrush current limitation circuit for off-line power supply Designed for instantaneous response after AC line drop out or browning Surge current capability as per IEC61000-4-5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 PENTAWATT STIL04-T5 Table 1: Order Codes Part Number STIL04-P5 STIL04-T5 STIL06-T5 STIL08-T5 PENTAWATT STIL08-T5 Marking STIL04P5 STIL04T5 STIL06T5 STIL08T5 BENEFITS ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Low consumption (IPt= 20mA) High noise immunity: dV/dt> 1000V/µs @ Tj=125°C Low reverse current losses Integrated pilot driver of the power switches Suitable where efficiency and space are critical Table 2: Pin Out Description Pin out designation L Pt1 OUT Pt2 N Description AC Line (switch1) Drive of power switch 1 Output Drive of power switch 2 AC Neutral (switch 2) Position 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 1: Block diagram Figure 2: Basic connection Inrush resistor L Pt1 L DRIVER Pt2 + OUT AC in Auxil. Supply Pt1 Pt2 + OUT VOUT Main Converter ASD: Application Specific Devices. December 2005 + N N REV. 5 1/11 STIL FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION IN A PFC BOOST PRE-REGULATOR The STIL is connected in parallel with the diode bridge and the inrush power resistor. During start up, the two unidirectional ASD power switches of the STIL are open (Figure 3). The inrush current flows through the diodes of the bridge and external inrush power resistor. When the PFC reaches steady state, the auxiliary power supply coupled with the main transformer, supplies the energy required to feed the driver of the two power switches of the STIL (Figure 4). In steady state, the two DC ground connected diodes of the bridge rectifier and the two unidirectional switches of the STIL connected to DC+ rectify the AC line current. Figure 3: Function description at turn-on I pt1 DRIVER + I pt2 Auxiliary Power AC in - + Bridge I OUT Inrush resistor Figure 4: Function description in steady state I pt1 DRIVER + I pt2 Auxiliary Power AC in Bridge + I OUT Inrush resistor POWERFAIL FEATURE When the STIL is used with a PFC boost converter, the inrush current circuit is active after an AC line dropout. In that configuration, since the AC line disappears, the PFC controller and the auxiliary power supply of the STIL (Figure 8) turns OFF. The two switches of the STIL are open. The output bulk capacitor Cb is discharging and it is providing the energy to the main converter. When the AC line recovers, the two switches remain opened and recharging inrush current of the capacitor Cb is deviated and limited through the resistor Ri. When the capacitor had finished charging, the PFC turns ON again and the two switches of the STIL switch ON. More details on the design and operation of the driver circuit of figure 5 can be found in the application note “AN1600 - STIL: Inrush Current Limitation Device for Off-Line Power Converter”. 2/11 STIL Table 3: Absolute Maximum Ratings (limiting value) Symbol Parameter Repetitive forward off-state voltage, between terminals L or N and OUT terminal Repetitive reverse off-state voltage, between OUT terminals and terminals L or N Value STIL04 STIL06 STIL08 Tj = 0 to 150°C 700 Unit VDOUT V VROUT Tj = 0 to 150°C 700 800 800 V Iout(AV) Average on state current at the OUT terTj = 150°C minal (180° conduction angle for the internal power switches) Tj = 150°C 4 6 8 A RMS on state current at the OUT termiIout(RMS) nal (180° conduction angle for the internal power switches) ITSM I2t dIout/dt Tstg Tj 4.4 6.7 8.9 A Non repetitive surge peak on-state curt = 10ms rent for each AC input terminals L and N p sinusoidal (Tj initial = 25°C) I2t value - rating for fusing Critical rate of rise of on state current IPt1 + IPt2 = 20mA Storage temperature range Junction temperature range tp = 10ms Tj = 0 to 150°C 65 21 70 24 100 -40 to +150 0 to +150 100 50 A A 2s A/µs °C °C Table 4: Thermal Parameters Symbol Rth(j-c) Rth(j-a) Junction to case Junction to ambient Parameter Value 2 60 °C/W Unit 3/11 STIL Table 5: Electrical Characteristics Values Symbol Parameter Test conditions STIL04 STIL06 STIL08 Unit Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. IPt1 + IPt2 VD(Pt1) VD(Pt2) VR(Pt1) VR(Pt2) Driver trigger current T = 0°C VDout = 12V(DC) j RL = 30Ω Tj = 25°C Tj = 0°C 0.6 VDout = 12V(DC) Tj = 25°C RL = 30Ω Tj = 150°C 0.2 8 12 10 0.85 0.8 0.45 1 0.95 0.2 8 500 1000 5 300 300 0.75 Tj = 150°C 0.9 0.75 0.9 0.75 55 Tj = 150°C 80 45 50 30 0.95 Tj = 150°C 1.4 1.05 1.35 0.97 1.2 V 40 mΩ 0.9 V 5 300 300 20 12 10 0.85 0.8 0.45 1 0.95 0.2 8 500 V/µs 1000 5 µA 300 300 µA 20 12 10 0.8 0.75 0.4 V 1 0.9 V 20 mA Direct driver trigger voltage Maximum repetitive reverse driver T = 25°C j voltage Linear slope up to VDout = 470V dVDout/dt Dynamic voltage rising Max reverse IRout (off)* current without driver current Max reverse IRout (on)* current with driver current Tj = 150°C 500 Tj = 125°C 1000 Tj = 25°C VRout = 800V IPt1 = IPt2 = open T = 150°C j VRout = 400V T = 150°C IPt1 = IPt2 = 10mA j Vt0 Iout(AV) = 4A Threshold direct voltage for one Iout(AV) = 6A power switch Iout(AV) = 8A Dynamic resistance for one power switch Iout(AV) = 4A Iout(AV) = 6A Iout(AV) = 8A Rd VF ** Iin = 4A Forward voltage Iin = 6A drop for one power switch Iin = 8A Pulse test: * tp = 300 ms, δ < 2% ** tp = 380 µs, δ < 2% 4/11 STIL POWER LOSSES CALCULATION When the input current is sinusoidal (case of PFC), the conducted power losses can be calculated by using the following formula: ( I out ( AV ) × π ) P tot = V t0 ⋅ I out ( AV ) + R d ⋅ -----------------------------------8 If the output average current is 8Amps, Vt0 and Rd of the electrical characteristics table can be used. For different output current please refer to the application note AN1600 that provides guidelines to estimate the correct values of Vt0 and Rd. LIGHTNING SURGE IMMUNITY (IEC61000-4-5) During lightning surge transient voltage across the AC line, over current and over voltage stress are applied on all the components of the power supply. The STIL can sustain a maximum peak surge current up to IPEAK (IPEAK = 500A for STIL04/STIL06 and IPEAK = 1000A for STIL08) as defined by the combine waveform generator (8/20µs waveform as shown in figures 5, 6 and 7). Special recommendations for the lightning surge immunity: 1 - Check that the IPEAK in the STIL stays below the limit specified above. 2 - Check that no over voltages are applied on the STIL and the bridge diode. 3 - In order to reduce the dynamic current stress (dIout/dt) through the structure of the STIL, it is recommended to connect a differential mode choke coil in front of the STIL and the bridge diode. More details and design guidelines are provided in the application note “AN1600 - STIL: Inrush Current Limitation Device for Off-Line Power Converter”. Figure 5: Surge test condition IEC61000-4-5 L 2 STIL DRIVER Pt 1 Pt 2 5Vdc OUT Figure 6: Surge test characterisation for STIL04/06 IEC61000-4-5 1 5 µs 80A/Div IOUT Ipeak=500A Ipeak 0 Amps 8 µs 20 µs + N 0 VOUT Coupling network + surge generator (level 1, 2, 3 or 4) IOUT Figure 7: Surge test characterisation for STIL08 IEC61000-4-5 1 5 µs 160A/Div IOUT Ipeak=1000A Ipeak 1 0 Amps 1 8 µs 20 µs 5/11 STIL Figure 8: Basic connection with a PFC boost preregulator L R1 DRIVER Pt1 Pt2 R2 + OUT N C2 C0 R AC in - + Inrush resistor C1 Vout Auxiliary windows (see application note AN1692) Cb PFC Control Figure 9: Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (sinusoidal pulse) and corresponding value of I2t (Tj initial = 25°C) ITSM(A), I²t(A²s) 1000 Tj initial=25°C ITSM STIL08 Figure 10: Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (sinusoidal pulse) and corresponding value of I2t (Tj initial = 150°C) ITSM(A), I²t(A²s) 1000 Tj initial=150°C ITSM STIL08 100 STIL04/STIL06 I²t 100 STIL08 STIL04/STIL06 STIL08 I²t 10 STIL04/STIL06 10 STIL04/STIL06 tp(ms) 1 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 1 0.01 0.10 tp(ms) 1.00 10.00 Figure 11: Relative variation of driver trigger current versus junction temperature (typical values) IPt1 or IPt2 [Tj] / IPt1 or IPt2 [Tj = 25°C] 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Figure 12: Relative variation of direct pilot trigger voltage versus junction temperature (typical values) 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 VDPt1 or VDPt2 [Tj] / VDPt1 or VDPt2 [Tj = 25°C] Tj(°C) 0.4 0 25 50 Tj(°C) 75 100 125 150 6/11 STIL Figure 13: Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to case versus pulse duration K = [Zth(j-c)/Rth(j-c)] 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 STIL06/STIL08 STIL04 Figure 14: Reverse current versus junction temperature without driver current (typical values) IR(OUT)OFF(µA) 1.E+02 Pt1 & Pt2 open STIL06/STIL08 VR(OUT)=800V 1.E+01 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 1.E-04 1.E+00 STIL04 VR(OUT)=400V 1.E-01 1.E-02 tp(s) 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 Tj(°C) 1.E-03 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Figure 15: Reverse current versus junction temperature with driver current (typical values) (STIL04) IR(OUT)ON(µA) 100.0 STIL04 IPt1=Ipt2=10mA VR(OUT)=400V Figure 16: Reverse current versus junction temperature with driver current (typical values) (STIL06) IR(OUT)ON(µA) 200 190 180 170 STIL06 IPt1=Ipt2=10mA VR(OUT)=400V 10.0 160 150 140 Tj(°C) 1.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 130 120 0 25 50 Tj(°C) 75 100 125 150 Figure 17: Reverse current versus junction temperature with driver current (typical values) (STIL08) IR(OUT)ON(µA) 220 STIL08 IPt1=Ipt2=10mA VR(OUT)=400V Figure 18: Forward vo