Ultra-low power microcontroller

R EM MICROELECTRONIC - MARIN SA EM6626 Ultra Low Power Microcontroller with 4x32 LCD Driver Features True Low Power 1.8 µA active mode, LCD On 0.4 µA standby mode, LCD Off 0.2 µA sleep mode @ 3 V, 32 KHz, 25 ºC Figure 1. Architecture Low Supply Voltage 1.2 V to 3.6 V Melody, 7 tones + silence inclusive 4-bit timer Universal 10-bit counter, PWM, event counter LCD 32 segments, 3 or 4 times multiplexed Temperature compensated LCD voltage levels Built-in LCD voltage multipliers LCD frequency 32 Hz/42.7 Hz/64 Hz 32 KHz or 128 kHz crystal oscillator 72 basic instructions 2 clocks per instruction cycle Mask ROM 4k x 16 bits RAM 128 x 4 bits Max. 12 inputs ; port A, port B, port SP Max. 8 outputs ; port B, port SP Voltage Level Detector (VLD), 8 levels software selectable from 1.2 V up to 4.0 V Prescaler down to 1 second ( crystal = 32 KHz ) 1/1000 sec 12 bit binary coded decimal counter with hard or software start/stop function 3 wire serial port , 8 bit, master and slave mode 5 external interrupts (port A, serial interface) 8 internal interrupts (3x prescaler, BCD counter 2x10-bit counter, melody timer, serial interface) timer watchdog and oscillation supervisor 32/128 KHz Crystal Osc ROM 4k X 16Bit RAM 128*4Bit V DD Power Supply VLD 8 Levels Power on Reset Watchdog Prescaler Millisecond Counter Core EM6600 10-Bit Univ Count/Timer Melody Generator Interrupt Controller Voltage Multiplier Port A 0123 Port B 0123 PWM PWM Serial Interface LCD Controller 3, 4 X 32 Figure 2. Pin Configuration, TQFP64 Description The EM6626 is an ultra-low power, low voltage microcontroller with an integrated 3/4 MUX x 32 segments LCD driver and the equivalent of 8kB mask ROM. It features temperature compensated LCD voltage levels, free LCD segment allocation and built-in voltage multipliers. It also has a melody generator, a millisecond counter (BCD) and PWM function. Tools include windows-based simulator and emulator. A flexible MFP version is also available for development stage. Due to its very low current consumption, the EM6626 is ideal for use in battery-operated and field-powered applications. STROBE BUZZER PA[3] PA[2] PA[1] TQFP64 RESET 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 SEG[1] SEG[2] SEG[3] SEG[4] SEG[5] SEG[6] SEG[7] SEG[8] SEG[9] SEG[10] SEG[11] SEG[12] SEG[13] SEG[14] SEG[15] SEG[16] 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 SEG[20] SEG[19] 31 SEG[18] 32 SEG[17] TEST 50 PA[0] PB[3] PB[2] PB[1] PB[0] PS[3] PS[2] PS[1] 53 SEG[21] PS[0] 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 SEG[22] VBAT VREG QIN QOUT VSS C2B C2A CIB CI2 VL1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 EM6626 Typical Applications Household appliance Timer / sports timing devices Medical devices Interactive system with display Automotive controls with display Measurement equipment Bicycle computers Safety and security devices VL2 VL3 COM[1] COM[2] COM[3] COM[4] SEG[32] SEG[31] SEG[30] SEG[29] SEG[28] SEG[27] SEG[26] SEG[25] SEG[24] Copyright © 2005, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 1 www.emmicroelectronic.com SEG[23] 52 51 R EM6626 EM6626 at a glance Power Supply - Low voltage low power architecture including internal voltage regulator - 1.2 V to 3.6 V battery voltage - 1.8 µA in active mode (Xtal, LCD on, 25 °C) - 0.4 µA in standby mode (Xtal, LCD off, 25 °C) - 0.2 µA in sleep mode (25 °C) - 32 KHz/128 kHz Oscillator (metal option) 4-Bit Input Port A - Direct input read on the port terminals - Debouncer function available on all inputs - Interrupt request on positive or negative edge - Pull-up or pull-down or none selectable by register - Test variables (software) for conditional jumps - PA[0] and PA[3] are inputs for the event counter - PA[3] is Start/Stop input for the millisecond counter - Reset with input combination (register selectable) RAM - 64 x 4 bit, direct addressable - 64 x 4 bit, indexed addressable 4-Bit Bi-directional Port B - All different functions bit-wise selectable - Direct input read on the port terminals - Data output latches - CMOS or Nch. open drain outputs - Pull-down or pull-up selectable - Weak pull-up in Nch. open drain mode - Selectable PWM, 32kHz, 1kHz and 1Hz output ROM - 4k x 16 bit (~8k Byte), metal mask programmable CPU - 4-bit RISC architecture - 2 clock cycles per instruction - 72 basic instructions Melody Generator - Dedicated Buzzer terminal - 7 tones plus silence output - The output can be put tristate (default) - Internal 4-bit timer, usable also in standalone mode - 4 different timer input clocks - Timer with automatic reload or single run - Timer interrupt request when reaching 0 Main Operating Modes and Resets - Active mode (CPU is running) - Standby mode (CPU in halt) - Sleep mode (no clock, reset state) - Initial reset on power on (POR) - Watchdog reset (logic and oscillation watchdogs) - Reset terminal - Reset with input combination on port A (register selectable) Voltage Level Detector (SVLD) - 8 different levels from 1.2 V to 4.0 V. - Busy flag during measure Prescaler - 15 stage system clock divider down to 1Hz - 3 Interrupt requests; 1Hz, 32Hz or 8Hz, Blink - Prescaler reset (4kHz to 1Hz) 10-Bit Universal Counter - 10, 8, 6 or 4 bit up/down counting - Parallel load - Event counting (PA[0] or PA[3]) - 8 different input clocks- Full 10 bit or limited (8, 6, 4 bit) compare function - 2 interrupt requests (on compare and on 0) - Hi-frequency input on PA[3] and PA[0] - Pulse width modulation (PWM) output Liquid Crystal Display Driver (LCD) - 32 Segments 3 or 4 times multiplexed - Internal or external voltage multiplier - Free Segment allocation architecture (metal option) - LCD switch off for power save - LCD frequency 32 Hz/42.7 Hz/64 Hz Millisecond Counter - 3 digits binary coded decimal counter (12 bits) - PA[3] input signal pulse width and period measurement - Internal 1000 Hz clock generation - Hardware or software controlled start stop mode - Interrupt request on either 1/10 Sec or 1Sec 8-Bit Serial Interface - 3 wire (Clock, DataIn , DataOut) master/slave mode - READY output during data transfer - Maximum shift clock is equal to the main system clock - Interrupt request to the CPU after 8 bits data transfer - Supports different serial formats - Can be configured as a parallel 4 bit input/output port - Direct input read on the port terminals - All outputs can be put tristate (default) - Selectable pull-downs in input mode - CMOS or Nch. open drain outputs - Weak pull-up selectable in Nch. open drain mode Interrupt Controller - 5 external and 8 internal interrupt request sources - Each interrupt request can individually be masked - Each interrupt flag can individually be reset - Automatic reset of each interrupt request after read - General interrupt request to CPU can be disabled - Automatic enabling of general interrupt request flag when going into HALT mode. Copyright © 2005, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 2 www.emmicroelectronic.com R EM6626 Table of Contents FEATURES __________________________________1 DESCRIPTION _______________________________1 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS _______________________1 EM6626 AT A GLANCE _________________________2 1. PIN DESCRIPTION FOR EM6626 _____________4 2. OPERATING MODES ______________________6 2.1 ACTIVE MODE ____________________________6 2.2 STANDBY MODE __________________________6 2.3 SLEEP MODE ____________________________6 3. POWER SUPPLY__________________________7 4. RESET __________________________________8 4.1 OSCILLATION DETECTION CIRCUIT _____________8 4.2 RESET TERMINAL _________________________9 4.3 INPUT PORT A RESET FUNCTION ______________9 4.4 DIGITAL WATCHDOG TIMER RESET ____________10 4.5 CPU STATE AFTER RESET __________________10 5. OSCILLATOR AND PRESCALER____________11 5.1 OSCILLATOR ____________________________11 5.2 PRESCALER ____________________________11 6. INPUT AND OUTPUT PORTS _______________12 6.1 PORTS OVERVIEW ________________________12 6.2 PORT A _______________________________13 6.2.1 IRQ on Port A ______________________13 6.2.2 Pull-up or Pull-down _________________14 6.2.3 Software Test Variables ______________14 6.2.4 Port A for 10-Bit Counter and MSC _____14 6.3 PORT A REGISTERS_______________________14 6.4 PORT B _______________________________16 6.4.1 Input / Output Mode _________________16 6.4.2 Pull-up or Pull-down _________________17 6.4.3 PWM and Frequency Output __________18 6.5 PORT B REGISTERS_______________________18 6.6 PORT SERIAL ___________________________19 6.6.1 4-bit Parallel I/O ____________________19 6.6.2 Pull-up or Pull-down _________________20 6.6.3 Nch. Open Drain Outputs _____________21 6.6.4 General Functional Description ________21 6.6.5 Detailed Functional Description ________22 6.6.6 Output Modes ______________________22 6.6.7 Reset and Sleep on Port SP___________23 6.7 SERIAL INTERFACE REGISTERS_______________24 7. MELODY, BUZZER _______________________26 7.1 4-BIT TIMER ____________________________26 7.1.1 Single Run Mode ___________________27 7.1.2 Continuos Run Mode ________________27 7.2 PROGRAMMING ORDER ____________________28 7.3 MELODY REGISTERS ______________________28 8. 10-BIT COUNTER ________________________30 8.1 FULL AND LIMITED BIT COUNTING _____________30 8.2 FREQUENCY SELECT AND UP/DOWN COUNTING___31 8.3 EVENT COUNTING ________________________32 8.4 COMPARE FUNCTION ______________________32 8.5 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) ___________32 8.5.1 How the PWM Generator works. _______33 8.5.2 PWM Characteristics ________________33 8.6 COUNTER SETUP_________________________34 8.7 10-BIT COUNTER REGISTERS ________________ 34 9. MILLISECOND COUNTER _________________ 36 9.1 PA[3] INPUT FOR MSC ____________________ 36 9.2 IRQ FROM MSC _________________________ 36 9.3 MSC-MODES ___________________________ 37 9.4 MODE SELECTION ________________________ 37 9.5 MILLISECOND COUNTER REGISTERS ___________ 39 10. INTERRUPT CONTROLLER ______________ 40 10.1 INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTERS_____________ 41 11. SUPPLY VOLTAGE LEVEL DETECTOR ____ 42